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Anton Raphael Mengs
Anton Raphael Mengs (March 22, 1728〔(【引用サイトリンク】 url = http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/374980/Anton-Raphael-Mengs )〕 – June 29, 1779) was a German Bohemian painter, active in Rome, Madrid and Saxony, who became one of the precursors to Neoclassical painting.
==Biography==
Mengs was born in 1728 at Ústí nad Labem ((ドイツ語:Aussig)) in Bohemia, the son of , a Danish painter who eventually established himself at Dresden. In 1741 Mengs's father took him from Dresden to Rome.
In 1749 he was appointed first painter to Frederick Augustus, elector of Saxony, but this did not prevent him from continuing to spend much of his time in Rome. There he married Margarita Guazzi, who had sat for him as a model in 1748. He converted to Catholicism, and in 1754 he became director of the Vatican school of painting. His fresco painting of ''Parnassus'' at Villa Albani gained him a reputation as a master painter.
In 1749 Mengs accepted a commission from the Duke of Northumberland to make a copy, in oil on canvas, of Raphael's fresco ''The School of Athens'' for his London home. Executed in 1752–5, Mengs' painting is full-sized, but adapts the composition to a rectangular format, with some additional figures. It is now in the collection of the Victoria and Albert Museum.〔(【引用サイトリンク】publisher=Victoria and Albert Museum )〕 Mengs died in Rome in June 1779 and was buried in the Roman Church of Santi Michele e Magno.
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